Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier (1811-1877), French mathematician who specialized in celestial mechanics. He briefly studied chemistry under Gay-Lussac, but switched to astronomy, particularly celestial mechanics, and accepted a job at the Paris Observatory. He spent most of his professional life there, and eventually became that institution's Director, from 1854 to 1870 and again from 1873 to 1877. From 1844 to 1847, he published a series of works on periodic comets. He was able to show interactions with the planet Jupiter, proving that certain comets were actually the reappearance of previously-known comets flung into different orbits. His most famous achievement is his prediction of the existence of the then unknown planet Neptune, using only mathematics and astronomical observations of the known planet Uranus. He will be remembered by the phrase attributed to Arago, 'the man who discovered a planet with the point of his pen. His is one of the 72 | |
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