Count Rumford, Anglo-American Physicist

Numéro d’image : 12631495
Count Rumford, Anglo-American Physicist
Count Rumford (1753-1814), born Benjamin Thompson, English-American physicist and reformer. Born in Massachusetts, he joined the army at 18, acting as a secret agent for the British. He fled to England in 1776 and studied projectiles. After a brief return to America, he was knighted, and appointed adviser to the Elector of Bavaria. There he reformed the army, set up welfare schemes for the poor, bred stronger horses and cattle and laid out the English Garden in Munich. He also showed, by studying the boring of cannons, that heat was due to the motion of particles in a body. His challenge to establish physical theory was part of the 19th century revolution in thermodynamics. The retention of heat was a recurring theme in his work, as he is also credited with the invention of thermal underwear. He was a prolific inventor, developing improvements for chimneys and industrial furnaces, and inventing the double boiler, a kitchen range, and a drip
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