The French physicist,Leon Foucault,1819-1868. After training as a physician,Foucault turned to physics and joined Fizeau in measuring the speed of light. This measurement was improved when Foucault developed a method of reflecting light off mirrors. Foucault showed that light moves slower in water which was important evidence for the wave-theory of light. Foucault is most often associated with an experiment in 1850 to measure the Earth's rotation by swinging a giant pendulum (Foucault's pendulum). This was the first direct proof of the Earth's rotation. The gyroscope was invented by Foucault,and he discovered certain yellow (sodium D) lines in emission spectra | |
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