Shallow lightning and mushballs on Jupiter, illustration

Numéro d’image : 13406116
Shallow lightning and mushballs on Jupiter, illustration
Diagram showing how shallow lightning and ammonia hailstones called mushballs are formed in Jupiter's atmosphere. Thunderstorm clouds generate updrafts that move liquid water and ice upwards. The temperatures in the atmosphere are so low that the water turns into ice. This ice reaches a region where ammonia vapor acts as anti-freeze, melting the water-ice crystals and turning them into water-ammonia droplets that grow to become icy mushballs. Once they have grown in size, the mushballs fall down and transport ammonia and water into Jupiter's deep atmosphere. Falling ammonia-water droplets collide with rising water ice crystals, separating charge. This produces cloud electrification, which causes shallow lightning in Jupiter's upper atmosphere.
Licence : Droits gérés
Crédit: Science Photo Library / CNRS / SwRI / JPL-Caltech / NASA
Taille de l’image : 3200 px × 2773 px
Model Release : Non requis
Property Release : Non requis
Restrictions : -

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